1. Grass Cutting
Frequency: Grass cutting should be done weekly or fortnightly, depending on the growth rate. During peak growing seasons like spring and early summer, weekly mowing may be necessary, while in slower growth periods, fortnightly might suffice. The rule of thumb is to try to not remove more than 1/3 of the length of the blades of grass. Removing more can cause the grass to become stressed and turn brown. Healthy grass prevents the growth of weeds in the lawn.
Appropriate Height: The height at which grass is cut should vary with the season. In warmer months, keep the grass shorter (around 2.5 to 3 inches) to promote healthy growth and prevent pests. In cooler months, allow it to grow slightly longer to protect the roots. In times of drought the grass should also be left longer.
Clippings Removal: After mowing, remove grass clippings to prevent thatch buildup, which can suffocate the lawn and hinder water and nutrient absorption. Clippings can be composted or used as mulch in garden beds. In summer a mulching mower can be used to allow the cut grass to be turned into fine clippings which will break down quickly and add nutrients back into the soil.
Lawn Repair/Improvement: Implement year-round lawn treatment programs to ensure a healthy and vibrant lawn. This includes seasonal fertilization, weed control, reseeding, aeration, scarification, and pest and disease treatments.
Aeration: Aeration involves perforating the soil with small holes to allow air, water and nutrients to penetrate the grass roots. This helps the roots grow deeply and produce a stronger, more vigorous lawn. The main reason for aerating is to alleviate soil compaction.
Scarification: The scarification process removes organic matter, such as thatch or moss, from around the base of the grass plants and tidies up any straggly lateral growth, that will otherwise prevent good dense grass growth. It can stop water and nutrients getting to the soil below and stops the grass rooting properly  and can even suffocate them.
2. Shrub & Hedge Pruning/Shaping
Timing: Prune shrubs and hedges twice a year, typically in late winter autumn. This timing helps maximise flowering and ensures plants are not pruned during frost periods or bird nesting seasons. You should only cut hedges outside of bird-nesting months. Nesting months are typically between March and August every year, but they may vary depending on weather conditions. It is a legal offence to harm nesting birds, or their eggs, under Section 1 of the Wildlife and Countryside Act of 1981.
Pathway Clearance: Regularly trim back shrubs and hedges from pathways, driveways, entrances, and patios to ensure they do not obstruct access or create hazards.
Window and Wall Distance: Maintain a safe distance between shrubs, plants, and climbers from windows and walls to prevent damage and allow for proper air circulation, which helps reduce the risk of mould and pests.
3. Garden Beds
Weed Control: Regularly remove weeds from garden beds to prevent them from competing with desired plants for nutrients, water, and light. Use manual weeding or appropriate herbicides.
Perennial Pruning: Prune perennials after they have finished flowering to encourage new growth and maintain their shape. Remove any dead or diseased parts to promote plant health.
Soil Turning: Lightly turn over the soil in garden beds to improve aeration and nutrient distribution. This can be done with a hand fork or cultivator.
Planting: Provide suggestions and design drawings for new plantings. This can include selecting appropriate plants for the climate and soil conditions, as well as creating aesthetically pleasing arrangements.
Bed Mulching: Apply compost mulch to flowerbeds annually to help plants get the nutrients they need to thrive. Mulching also improves the aesthetics of the beds and helps with water retention during the summer months.
4. Landscaping
Creating Defined Edges: Use materials like metal, plastic, or natural stone to create clear and defined edges between garden beds and lawns. This not only enhances the visual appeal but also prevents grass from encroaching into garden beds.
Landscape Repairs: Repair any damaged fencing, patios, brickwork, or other landscape features to maintain the integrity and appearance of the property.
5. Weed, Moss & Algae Control
Hard Surfaces: Regularly spray hard surfaces such as paths, driveways, and patios with appropriate herbicides to prevent weed growth. This helps maintain a clean and safe environment.
Moss and Algae: Address moss and algae growth promptly, especially on hard surfaces, to prevent slips and maintain aesthetics. Use moss killers or pressure washing to remove them effectively.
Pressure Washing: Deep clean hard surfaces like patios, paths, driveways, bin sheds, walls, and garden furniture to remove dirt, grime, and algae.
6. Pest & Disease Checks
Regular Inspections: Conduct regular inspections of plants for signs of pests (e.g., aphids, scale insects) and diseases (e.g., leaf spots, mildew). Early detection is key to preventing widespread issues.
Appropriate Action: Take appropriate action to address pest and disease problems, such as pruning affected parts, applying treatments, or introducing beneficial insects that prey on pests.
7. General Tidy-Up
Leaf and Debris Clearing: Regularly clear fallen leaves, twigs, and other debris from paths, driveways, and entrances to maintain a tidy appearance and prevent slip hazards.
Litter Removal: Remove any litter found on the grounds to keep communal areas clean and inviting.
8. Tree Works
Size Limit: Maintain trees, large bushes, and shrubs by removing low-hanging limbs or dead branches. For small trees (up to 10ft), this can be done as part of regular maintenance.
Professional Services: For larger tree works, such as tree removal or major pruning, consider hiring professional arborists to ensure safety and proper care.
9. Green Waste
Waste Disposal: Dispose of green waste responsibly. Options include arranging for waste removal, using designated green waste bins, or composting organic waste on-site.
Composting: Composting green waste can provide valuable nutrients for garden beds and reduce the amount of waste sent to landfills.
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By addressing each of these areas in detail, you can ensure that your grounds are well-maintained, safe, and visually appealing throughout the year.Â
Author
Glen Farley, BA MCIHort
Professional Horticulturist & Director of Farleaf
Capel Manor trained in Horticulture & Garden Design
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